Practices by Discipline

This Practice provides requirements for designers preparing Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs). This Practice describes the requirements for P&ID format and content. The Practice is independent of time in a facility life cycle and encompasses design, construction, operations, and maintenance. This Practice covers the generation of new P&IDs and does not apply to the revision of existing P&IDs. This Practice also applies to P&IDs provided by packaged equipment vendors. This Practice applies to all diagrams that fit the definition of a P&ID in Section 3. The requirements provided in this Practice can be applied to any CAD system used for developing the P&IDs and are not vendor, hardware, or software specific. This practice uses U.S. Customary units of measure for drafting dimensions. Line weights are also given in metric units. Current PIP experience is that symbol sizes and drafting dimensions are often based on U.S. Customary units even if the project design and labeling is in metric units. All drafting dimensions could be stated in metric units at the discretion of the user. The requirements provided in this Practice provide a balance between showing all data on P&IDs and making P&IDs legible and easy to read. Process specific overlays may be developed to define necessary additional requirements or exceptions. The example P&IDs included in the Appendixes of this Practice are not intended to recommend specific design details or requirements. Example P&IDs are included to provide an illustration of how the elements of this Practice are combined into a P&ID.vElectronic native files for the text, symbols, and legend sheets are available to PIP Member Companies for input to members’ CAD systems. Development of project-specific legend sheets is recommended using the PIP native files as a starting point. Additions and/or deletions are allowed to meet requirements. Legend sheet borders and title blocks can be altered. Development of P&IDs has historically been led by the petrochemical, oil & gas, and specialty chemical industries. While applicable to all industries, guidelines and practices have primarily focused on these industries. In this revision, we have expanded the scope to include information specific to developing P&IDs for the hygienic processing industries – pharmaceutical, food, and beverage. While Sections 2, 3 and 4 contain requirements for P&IDs across all industries, Appendix D contains content specific to the hygienic processing industry that supplements or replaces that in Sections 2, 3 and 4. If PIP membership grows to include other industries, it is anticipated that this Practice will expand to have sections on developing P&IDs for the mining, power, pulp and paper, and other industries.

This Practice provides guidelines for identifying changes or making comments to all types of engineering drawings, documents, lists, etc, specifically where the changes or comments are made by one or multiple people and incorporated into the native or master document by another person. This Practice covers all revisions/modifications of documents, including documents before and after construction. This Practice does not apply to mark-ups made before the adoption of this Practice.This Practice does not address how to implement a Management of Change (MOC) work process; it does address how to communicate mark-ups consistently. This Practice should be applied to any engineering document, paper or electronic, and is not vendor, hardware, or software specific.Although this Practice provides general guidelines for the markup of engineering documents, individual applications may require differing approaches than those recommended in this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and matters of application of the Practice to a particular project or engineering situation should not be made solely on the information contained in this Practice. (This guideline is meant just a starting point.)Example document markups in the Appendix of this Practice are not intended to recommend specific design details or requirements, but are included to provide illustrations of various options available to the user.

This Practice provides general guidelines for the format and content of Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) for process and utility systems.This Practice covers the development of new PFDs and does not apply to existing PFDs developed before the adoption of this Practice.The Practice applies to all diagrams that fit the definition of a PFD in Section 3.This Practice can be applied to any CAD system used for developing PFDs and is not vendor, hardware, or software specific.Although this Practice provides general guidelines for the development of PFDs, individual applications may require differing approaches than those recommended in this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and matters of application of the Practice to a particular project or engineering situation should not be made solely on the information contained in this Practice.Example PFDs in the Appendixes of this Practice are not intended to recommend specific design details or requirements, but are included to provide illustrations of various options available to the user.